Keywords
donkeys
Catharanthus roseus
eyes
histopathology
radiology
gas chromatography
mass spectrometry
How to Cite
Abstract
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a pleomorphic sarcoma of unknown etiology that rarely occurs in equines (horses and donkeys). In September 2021, a case of an 8-year-old female donkey with a tumor mass in the right eye was admitted to Animal Care (ACE) Hospital in Luxor, Egypt. The case underwent both clinicopathological and radiological examination. Based on microscopic examination, the morphological diagnosis was malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Radiological assessment (X-ray) revealed a non-metastatic tumor mass. An aqueous extract of Catharanthus roseus leaves and flowers was (ESC16) prepared by cold maceration and characterized by GC-MS analysis. The tumor was treated with 0.9 ml of an intratumoral injection of extract ESC16 and received one injection every other day for 50 days due to the large size of the tumor mass. The tumor showed macroscopic regression over the study period. To our knowledge,
this is the first time that MFH in a donkey has been treated with C. roseus extract. ESC16 showed efficacy in treating MFH in that female donkey. Thus, it may be concluded that the intralesional injection of aqueous extract of C. roseus could be a promising antitumor agent for equine MFH in the Egyptian field.
References
Akpuaka, A., Ekwenchi, M.M., Dashak, D.A., Dildar, A. 2013. Biological activities of characterized isolates of n-hexane extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) leaves. New York Science Journal, 6, 6, 119–124.
Al-Agha, O.M., Igbokwe, A.A. 2008. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: between the past and the present. Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 132, 6, 1030–1035. https://doi.org/10.5858/2008-132-1030-MFHBTP
Albergoni V, Piccinni E, Coppellotti O. 1980. Response to heavy metals in organisms—I. Excretion and accumulation of physiological and non physiological metals in Euglena gracilis. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C Comp Pharmacol. 67(2):121–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4492(80)90006-4
Bansal, Y., Mujib, A., Mamgain, J., Dewir, Y.H., Rihan, H.Z. 2023. Phytochemical Composition and Detection of Novel Bioactives in Anther Callus of Catharanthus roseus L. Plants, 12, 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112186
Gilger, B.C. 2013. Equine Ophthalmology. In Veterinary Ophthalmology. Eds. Gelatt K.N., Gilger B.C. Kern, T.J., 5th ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Oxford, UK.
Bellitto, N.A., McMaster, M., Alvim, A., Byrne, C.A. 2023. Large fibrosarcoma of the equine distal limb treated by surgical excision using a harmonic scalpel. Equine Veterinary Education, 35, 10, e620–e628. https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.13808
Bhuyan, D.J., Vuong, Q.V., Bond, D.R., Chalmers, A.C., Bowyer, M.C., Scarlett, C.J. 2018. Eucalyptus microcorys leaf extract derived HPLC-fraction reduces the viability of MIA PaCa-2 cells by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 105, 449–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.150
Chahory, S., Clerc, B., Devauchelle, P., Tnibar, A. 2002. Treatment of a recurrent ocular squamous cell carcinoma in a horse with iridium-192 implantation. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 22, 11, 503–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0737-0806(02)70179-2
Chunarkar-Patil, P., Kaleem, M., Mishra, R., Ray, S., Ahmad, A., Verma, D., Bhayye, S., Dubey, R., Singh, H.N., Kumar, S. 2024. Anticancer Drug Discovery based on Natural products: from computational approaches to Clinical studies. Biomedicines, 12, 1, 201. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12010201
Cian, F., Whiteoak, S., Stewart, J. 2016. A case of giant cell tumor of soft parts in a horse. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 45, 3, 501–504. https://doi.org/10.1111/vcp.12377
Cifuni, G.F., Claps, S., Morone, G., Sepe, L., Caparra, P., Benincasa, C., Pellegrino, M., Perri, E. 2023. Valorization of Olive Mill Byproducts: Recovery of Biophenol Compounds and Application in Animal Feed. Plants, 12, 17. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12173062
Demir, A., Akçasiz, Z.N., Bamaç, Ö.E. 2023. Progressive Ocular Histiocytosis in a Cat. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi. 29, 3. https://doi.org//10.9775/kvfd.2023.29127
Elce, Y.A., Wilkie, D.A., Santschi, E.M., Green, E. 2011. Metastasis or delayed local extension of ocular squamous cell carcinoma in four horses. Equine Veterinary Education, 23, 10, 496–499. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2010.00211.x
El Enshasy, H.A. 2019. Anticancer Molecules from Catharanthus roseus. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy, 30, 3. https://doi.org/10.14499/indonesianjpharm30iss3pp147
Ferreres, F., Pereira, D.M., Valentão, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R.M., Sottomayor, M. 2008. New phenolic compounds and antioxidant potential of Catharanthus roseus. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56, 21, 9967–9974. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf8022723
Geburek, F., von Oppen, T., Hewicker‐Trautwein, M., Ohnesorge, B. 2007. Treatment of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma involving the forelimb of a Quarter Horse mare using conventional and laser surgery. Equine Veterinary Education, 19, 1, 19–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2007.tb00546.x
Goyal, P., Khanna, A., Chauhan, A., Chauhan, G., Kaushik, P. 2008. In vitro evaluation of crude extracts of Catharanthus roseus for potential antibacterial activity. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2, 3. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-8258.42739
Hamir, A.N. 1989. Equine giant cell tumor of soft tissues. The Cornell veterinarian. 79, 2, 173–177.
Hatano, H., Tokunaga, K., Ogose, A., Imaizumi, S., Hayami, T., Yamagiwa, H., Hotta, T., Endo, N., Takahashi, H., Naito, M. 1999. Origin of histiocyte‐like cells and multinucleated giant cells in malignant fibrous histiocytoma: Neoplastic or reactive? Pathology International, 49, 1, 14–22. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1827.1999.00819.x
El Hosry, L., Bou-Mitri, C., Dargham, M.B., Abou Jaoudeh, M., Farhat, A., El Hayek, J., Mosleh, J.M.B., Bou-Maroun, E. 2023. Phytochemical composition, biological activities and antioxidant potential of pomegranate fruit, juice and molasses: A review. Food Bioscience, 55, 103034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2023.103034
Kabesh, K., Senthilkumar, P., Ragunathan, R., Raj Kumar, R. 2015. Phytochemical analysis of Catharanthus roseus plant extract and its antimicrobial activity. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences, 3, 2, 162–172. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782
Knottenbelt, D.C., Patterson-Kane, J.C., Snalune, K. 2015. Clinical equine oncology. 1 st ed., Elsevier.https://doi.org/10.1016/C2009-0-61955-3
Mair, T., Couto, G. 2006. The use of cytotoxic drugs in equine practice. Equine Veterinary Education, 18, 149–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3292.2006.tb00436.x
Marryatt, P.A. 2003. Malignant giant cell tumor of soft parts in a mare. The Canadian veterinary journal, 44, 9, 743.
Meuten, D.J. 2020. Tumors in domestic animals. 5 th ed, John Wiley & Sons.
Montiani-Ferreira, F., Kiupel, M., Muzolon, P., Truppel, J. 2008. Corneal squamous cell carcinoma in a dog: a case report. Veterinary Ophthalmology, 11, 4, 269–272. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-5224.2008.00622.x
Plummer, C.E., Smith, S., Andrew, S.E., Lassaline, M.E., Gelatt, K.N., Brooks, D.E., Kallberg, M.E., Ollivier, F.J. 2007. Combined keratectomy, strontium‐90 irradiation and permanent bulbar conjunctival grafts for corneolimbal squamous cell carcinomas in horses (1990–2002): 38 horses. Veterinary Ophthalmology, 10, 1, 37–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-5224.2007.00489.x
Rabo, J.S., Usman, H.S., Kolo, Y.M. 2000. Studies on ocular squamous cell carcinoma among horses in borno state, Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research, 3, 2, 129–130.
Radajewska, A., Szyller, J., Niewiadomska, J., Noszczyk-Nowak, A., Bil-Lula, I. 2023. Punica granatum L. Polyphenolic Extract as an Antioxidant to Prevent Kidney Injury in Metabolic Syndrome Rats. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2023, 6144967. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6144967
Rani, S., Singh, V., Sharma, M.K., Sisodia, R. 2021. GC–MS based metabolite profiling of medicinal plant-Catharanthus roseus under cadmium stress. Plant Physiology Reports, 26, 3, 491–502. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-021-00595-z
Reesink, H.L., Parente, E.J., Sertich, P.L., Engiles, J.B. 2009. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the mammary gland in a mare. Equine Veterinary Education, 21, 9, 467–472. https://doi.org/10.2746/095777309X438819
Romansik, E.M., Reilly, C.M., Kass, P.H., Moore, P.F., London, C.A. 2007. Mitotic index is predictive for survival for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. Veterinary Pathology, 44, 3, 335–341. https://doi.org/10.1354/vp.44-3-335
Ryan, G., Glasson, B., Foster, A. 2012. Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the conjunctiva. Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine, 2012, 1, 786260. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/786260
Schneider, P., Busch, U., Meister, H., Qasem, Q., Wünsch, P.H., 1999a. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). A comparison of MFH in man and animals. Histology and histopathology, 14, 3, 845–860. https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-14.845
Schneider, P., MacKay, F., Steiner, V., Hofmann, K., Bodmer, J-L., Holler, N., Ambrose, C., Lawton, P., Bixler, S., Acha-Orbea, H. 1999b. BAFF, a novel ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates B cell growth. The Journal of experimental medicine, 189, 11, 1747–1756. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.189.11.1747
Sharma, A., Mathur, A.K., Ganpathy, J., Joshi, B., Patel, P. 2019. Effect of abiotic elicitation and pathway precursors feeding over terpenoid indole alkaloids production in multiple shoot and callus cultures of Catharanthus roseus. Biologia, 74, 543–553. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-019-00202-5
Da Silva, A.C., da Costa Santos, D., Junior, D.L.T., da Silva, P.B., dos Santos, R.C., Siviero, A. 2018. Cowpea: A strategic legume species for food security and health. In: Legum seed nutraceutical Research, Eds. J.C. Jimenez-Lopez and A. Clemente, IntechOpen. https://doi.org/ 10.5772/intechopen.75158
Smith, J.S., Bistner, S., Riis, R. 1976. Infiltrative corneal lesions resembling fibrous histiocytoma: clinical and pathologic findings in six dogs and one cat. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 169, 7, 722–726. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.1976.169.07.722
Théon, A.P. 1998. Intralesional and topical chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 14, 3, 659–671. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-0739(17)30191-8
Valentine, B.A. 2006. Survey of equine cutaneous neoplasia in the Pacific Northwest. Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation, 18, 1, 123–126. https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870601800121
Vohra, A., Kaur, H. 2011. Chemical investigation of medicinal plant Ajuga bracteosa. Journal of Natural Products and Plant Resources, 1, 1, 37–45.
Weigand, K., Gerhards, H. 1996. Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Laserchirurgie in der Tiermedizin. Teil 2: Gewebewirkung der Laserstrahlung. Tierärztliche Praxis, 24, 331–336.
Yamunadevi, M., Wesely, E.G., Johnson, M. 2011. Chromatographic finger print analysis of steroids in Aerva lanata L by HPTLC technique. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1, 6, 428–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60094-4
Zhu, J., Wang, M., Wen, W., Yu, R. 2015. Biosynthesis and regulation of terpenoid indole alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 9, 17, 24–28. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.156323
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hana Salama, Asmaa A. Metwally, AbdulRahman A. Saied, Faten F. Mohammed, Mohamed A. El-Saied, Asmaa Ali